Skin cancers may be caused by exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet rays, keratinization disorders (fibromas, keratomas), changes in the dermis (xanthomas, xanthelasma), human papillomavirus (warts, condylomas, finger and foot warts), and others.
One of the main factors that cause skin cancer is long-term exposure to sunlight on the skin. To date, both natural (sun) and artificial ultraviolet radiation (solarium) are considered by the International Agency for Research on Cancer to be a first-class carcinogenic factor, that is, a factor with absolutely proven ability to cause skin cancer.
Nearly every epidemiological study confirms that periodic, irregular and intense exposure to ultraviolet radiation (especially in childhood and adolescence) represents the main external risk factor for skin melanoma, while prolonged exposure (cumulative number of solar ultraviolet exposures) is related to other skin manifestations.
Significant exposure to ultraviolet radiation poses a serious risk, which is currently pertinent to Georgia’s population given its climatic conditions (annual sunlight exposure).
The high-risk group includes:
- Prolonged exposure to sunlight’s ultraviolet radiation
- Occupational groups with a high risk of developing skin cancer
- Presence of atypical moles
- Multiple acquired moles
- Family history of melanoma or other skin cancers
- Precancerous diseases of the skin and visible mucous membrane
- Congenital giant nevus
- Immunodeficiency
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